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BUILT SHELTER (c.400,000 B.C.E.)

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Homo heidelbergensis builds the first hut. The earliest evidence for built shelter appears to have been constructed by Homo heidelbergensis, who lived in Europe between around 800,000 B.C.E. and 200,000 B.C.E. Anthropologists are uncertain whether these were ancestors of Homo sapiens (humans) or Homo neanderthalensis (Neanderthals) or both. At the french site of Terra  Amata, which dates back around 400,000 years, archeologists, have found what they believe to be the  foundations of large oval huts.One of these shows evidence of fire in a hearth,although other archeologists postulate that natural process could be responsible. Archeology on sites from hundreds of thousands of years ago is complicated.Claims of the discovery of  built shelters in Japan from more than 500,000 years ago were discredited in 2000. In fact ,all evidence for humans in Japan before 35,000 years ago is currently questionable. We do know that our ancestors spent time in caves for hundreds of thousan...

CONTROLLED FIRE (c.1.420,000 B.C.E.)

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  Homo erect us harnesses lightening. Fire is an essential tool, controlled of which helped to start the human race on its path to civilization.The original source of fire was probably lightening,and for generation blazes ignited in this manner remained the only source of fire. Initially Peking Man,who lived around 500,000 B.C.E.,who believed to be the earliest user of fire,but evidence uncovered in Kenya in 1981,and the South Africa in 1988,suggests that the earliest controlled use of fire by hominids dates from 1,420,000 years ago.fires were kept alive permanently because of the difficulty of reigniting them,being allowed to burn by day and damped down at night, The first human to control fire used it to keep warm,cook their food,and ward off predators.It also enabled them to survive in regions previously too cold for human habitation.They also used it in "fire drives" to force animals or enemies out of hiding.Controlled fire was important in clearing forest for road ways,g...

STONE TOOLS (c.2,600,000 B.C.E.)

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EARLY HUMANKIND USHERS IN THE AGE OF INVENTIONS                             The very first human invention consists of sharp flints, found and used in their natural state by primitive peoples,who then went on to purposely sharpen stones.The practice reaches back to the very dawn of humankind;stone tools found in 1969 in Kenya are estimated be 2,600,000 years old. The principal types of tools,which appeared in the paleolithic period ,and varied in size and appearance,are known as core,flake and blade tools.The core tools are the largest and primitive and were made by working on a fist-sized piece of rock or stone with a similar rock and knocking large flakes off one side to produce a sharp crest.This was a general-purpose implement used for hacking .pounding,or cutting.Eventually,thinner and sharper cores tools were developed,which were more useful much later,Especially during the last 10,000 years of the Stone Age ,ot...